二次元宇宙存在吗 二次元宇宙飞船图片

Ⅰ 异次元宇宙的问题

有人认为四维世界就是三维加时间 照这说法我们就是生活在四维世界里了 这种关于X维世界理论是不正确 X维描述的是空间与时间无关 这只是空间理论 空间是无法观察的 就像楼主说的我问可以看到一次元和二次元是不可能的 假设一次元是一个点 怎样去描述这个点呢 这个点没有大小 它可能小到看不见也可能大到看不见 但是是我们能够理解 能够知道它的存在和它存在的合理性 我们所能观察到的物体都是三维形式存在的 但是我们无法准确理解四维空间的存在 当然有也可能不存在四维 平行世界理论就是从“可能”这个词开始的 举例:“希特勒的母亲在怀上他的时候本想打掉胎儿 但是后来把他生来下来”这是我们世界发生过的 但是如果希特勒根本就们出生呢 ,世界又会是什么样的呢 ? 这样的世界在理论上是存在的,这就是与我们平行的那个世界,像这样的假设造就了平行世界 无数个平行世界它的数量无法用数字表达 任何一件事都存在无限“可能”

Ⅱ 宇宙是有一次元世界或二次元世界吗

我们所处所认知的是三次元。而宇宙应该是多次元包罗万象的。

三维空间(也称为三度空间,三次元、三维),意思是在日常生活中可指由长、宽、高三个维度所构成的空间。而且日常生活中使用的“三维空间”一词,常常是指三维的欧几里得空间。

概念解释:

由于我们生活在三维空间中,一些人就形象的比喻我们的世界叫三次元,在动漫迷眼中现实世界就是三次元,动漫世界就是二次元。

二次元就是平面的世界,包括动画,漫画。最近几年开始把周边世界也往里面划了。比如COSPLAY的萌娘,声优的声音,手办之类的,所有和动漫这个二维世界有关的,都划为二次元世界了。

2.5次元是介于动漫世界和现实世界的存在。像上面提到的周边世界,存在于动漫和现实之间的产物,所存在的圈子,被称为2.5次元,不过在分类日渐清晰化,2.5的说法在慢慢消失。三次元是指现实世界。

Ⅲ 宇宙中真的有二次元存在吗

一次元宇宙和第二22次元个宇宙是怎样,
宇宙分为维度次元方程,而且已知第一1次元宇宙区域产生能量元素分为,光与色彩元素维度空间能量我们已经熟悉阳光作用灯光产生色彩表,白色、黄色、红色、蓝色、青色、紫色都是光色一1次元1次方宇宙元素产生物体维度色彩空间排列,我们绘画作画都需要光色彩空间来传动传播物体维度所以我们生活需要光色彩空间元素第1一次元宇宙空间,我们认识最小少宇宙单位,第1一次元1一次方宇宙色光彩密度空间所产生能量,
我们经常接触22次元宇宙空间时空能量音乐
第二22宇宙次元还有新的第22类音乐元素时空,就是第22次元22次方宇宙空间结构维度产生音乐演奏空间维度次元次方,是以音乐元宇宙来传播空间结构维度,我们已经知道音乐分为把声音分为6阳律和6阴。合称12律吕,古代用竹管制成的校正乐律的器具,以管的长短来确定音的不同高度,从低音管算起,成奇数的六个管称律,成偶数的六个管称吕,后来律吕作为音律的统称
音乐曲律来产生维度方向X Y Z 音乐轴向,用windows media player我们听一首歌曲歌名moonlight 感受元素音乐宇宙第二次元22次元次方音乐维度能量震动空间结构排列。还有第333次元宇宙空间能量(元素香气空间类型能量维度震动第333 次元宇宙) 第4444次元次方宇宙空间能量元素 就是未知数了未解之谜无法计算,宇宙之大无边无际,宇宙时年一直在缩放扩大,还有第55555个五次元五次方个宇宙时空间。如果计算宇宙数量按照宇宙公年来计算,宇宙年等于总计算,3600 60x60=3600X24=86400X365=31536000X88= 2775168000亿亿次元次方总年计算宇宙公年宇宙时年
渺小幼稚年轻的世界人类科学家起初望外苦苦探索宇宙总觉得一个宇宙只存在光色彩光速能量只是误解错误落后一个观点,还没有发现多次元多次方程式宇宙还有另外第二22类音乐空间22次元次方宇宙元素能量传动传播音波音乐时空年公年宇宙

Ⅳ 一次元宇宙 二次元宇宙 三次元宇宙和四次元宇宙有什么区别

照你这么说,四次元宇宙肯定能看到完整的立体世界(因为立体世界是三维空间),但是四次元宇宙却看不到五次元,举个例子,蚂蚁是二次元的,三次元空间里人在二次元空间的投影就脚印那么大,蚂蚁肯定不能从一个脚印大小的投影推测出人的样子,就跟我们一样能看到四维空间一切立体世界,但我们不能推测出五次元宇宙里的东西,我们生活在四次元宇宙中,但是还有无数个多元宇宙存在,有平行宇宙,也有不平行宇宙,没有绝对,只有可能

Ⅳ 二次元空间及宇宙黑洞

二次元空间这个概念,如果你非要给他一个含义的话那么它就指平面。对应的,我们所在的立体空间就是三次元空间。通常日漫中所说的二次元空间指漫画中的世界,因为漫画是画在纸(平面)上的。黑洞是宇宙中普遍存在的一种天体,大质量恒星核燃料耗尽后,在自身万有引力的作用下坍缩成为黑洞。

Ⅵ 二次元在宇宙里存在吗如果存在,未来的人类能不能发现

不存在,二次元世界是独立于三次元世界的另一个世界,为动漫萌系美少女居住的世界

二次元世界是数位世界,就简单的来说就是零与一的世界,说的难懂一点所谓零一结合就是异次元扭曲空间,包含三次元、四次元、五次元.…等多次元空间,不过显然提出此种解释的这些人是资工系念到疯的,实情并非如此,因为那里有人居住、且那里和三次元世界一样为三维空间和一维时间,二次元不过是对从该世界理解而得,并呈於动漫作品的二次元世界事物的称呼,因此现在才会将动漫作品内故事发生的事件的本体称之为二次元世界,不过这个称呼并不恰当,因为二次元世界并不是指两个座标轴的世界,但是目前为止,没有更好的称呼可以形容这个世界

目前人类对于二次元世界的认知,仅能透过ACG和萌系美少女,如萝莉和御姐等,其他的就所知不多,且目前三次元世界出生的美少女对二次元世界也认识不深,故目前对於二次元世界的整体状况依旧是不太明了;另一方面,从二次元世界可直接观测三次元世界,而从三次元世界仅能透过动漫作品和萌之门来认知二次元世界,而且所得到的资讯还不一定是正确的

Ⅶ 求教,假使平行宇宙真的存在,那么二次元世界是否也是

1 平行宇宙未必存在
平行宇宙仅仅是量子力学体系,根据薛定谔猫假想,众多解答中一共比较出名的解答罢了,平行宇宙理论之所以出名,是因为该理论具有颠覆性和想象力。
如果单单从对薛定谔猫假想的众多解答的分析来看,平行宇宙假想反而是相对不靠谱的一种假想,也从来没有被物理学界很重视。
其理论核心是,当我们打开薛定谔猫的盒子时,会出现两个不同的,近乎完全一样的宇宙,一个宇宙打开的盒子里是活猫,另一个宇宙打开的盒子里是死猫-------一只猫创造一个宇宙,太不靠谱了,起码得是一只狗吧!
.

2 二次元宇宙是否存在?这个问题有两个解释
A.如果二次元是指动画漫画的世界
这个,已经和平行宇宙理论完全两码事了。
平行宇宙理论,无论如何说,还是一个物理学问题。
而二次元宇宙是否存在,这里纯粹是一个玄学问题了,在下缺乏研究,不敢置评。
B。如果二次元指的的二维宇宙
我的回答是,二维宇宙被很多科学家设想过,但迄今为止,没有二维宇宙存在的任何证据。毕竟,二维宇宙缺乏实现的很多物理学基础。

Ⅷ 宇宙是二次元空间吗

这是理论上的东西
还未经证实
应该是宇宙由多维空间,我们所在的是三维空间

Ⅸ 二次元存在吗

不是的。是虚构的。在现实生活中,那些在一次元,二次元的人永远不存在,他们只是我们美好的幻想。不过,相信即存在。

〈二次元世界〉,我的认知就是二维世界。一个是指虚拟的动画,动漫所构建的幻想世界。另一个所指的是有些科学家所提出的平行宇宙〈二维世界〉学说。目前,都无法证明平行宇宙的存在。

二次元概念由来

在虚拟的二次元世界里,起初是一个普通的概念,由于早期的动画,漫画,游戏作品都是以二维图像构成的,其画面是一个二维平面,所以我们把他们称之为〈二次元世界,也叫二维世界〉。

所以,我们经常说的二次元,其实就是ACG次文化中对于动画,漫画,游戏等作品中的虚构世界的一种称呼用语。二次元这个词与三次元相对,三次元指就是我们所存在的这个可以用三维坐标来定位的世界,也就是我们生存的现实世界。

二次元世界是指动画,漫画,游戏世界,这和平行宇宙〈二维世界,二次元世界〉理论完全是两码事。平行宇宙无论如何,还是一个物理学问题,如果二次元指的是二维宇宙,被很多科学家设想过,但是,迄今为止没有二维宇宙存在的任何证据。

Ⅹ 二次元空间及宇宙黑洞

次元可以理解为宇宙的维数,第十次元空间即使第十维宇宙。在M-理论中,空间有十一维,但是人们认为其中六七个或七个方向被卷曲成非常小,只留下三个大的几乎平坦的方向。霍金提出了他的宇宙模型,给出了11维空间,认为要描述宇宙,X、Y、Z和T(时间)4个未知数是不够的,要加到11个未知数之后,才能够解释宇宙的很多结构。根据物理学家的看法还应该有7个维。尽管有这么多的维,但这些维是看不见的,它们自身卷在了一起,被称为压缩的维。为了弄清这种看法,让我们再以蚂蚁为例展开我们的想象。我们可以设想一下,将蚂蚁在上面行走的那张纸卷起来,直到卷成一个圆筒形。如果蚂蚁沿着的纸壁走,最后它又会回到出发点,这就是压缩维的一个例子。如果能沿着著名的麦比乌斯带走,也会发生上述现象,当然,它是3维的,但如果沿着它走过,总是会回到出发点的。麦比乌斯带从维的角度讲是压缩的,按照物理学它有3个维,但谁在上面行走,都只能认知人一个维。这就有点像左图上的人:上行或者下行,但永远不会走到尽头。如果蚂蚁不是沿着纸筒弯曲的壁行走,它就永远不会返回到原出发点。这就是二维(或者说被我们所感知的那种维)的例子,沿着它一直走,就不可能返回到原来的出发点。PS一维空间为线,即是以长为主的。二维空间为面,即线重合的太多了就有了长和宽,也就组成了面。三维空间为立体,即面重合的太多了,就有了长、宽和高,也就组成了立体形状。四维空间为时间,即时间有远近之分、现实与超现实之分、空间与超空间之分、长短之分、动态与静态之分,是融入到所有有形与无形的空间之中的。五维空间为大脑显意识思维,是以思维波能量的速度运行的。六维空间为大脑潜意识思维,是以思维波的暗物质能量、潜意识的深度能量来发挥的,是身心智慧的取之不尽、用之不竭、无穷无尽的能量源泉。七维空间为时空交融与分流,即时空学说
黑洞(Black hole)是现代广义相对论中,宇宙空间内存在的一种超高质量天体,由于类似热力学上完全不反射光线的黑体,故名为黑洞。黑洞是由质量足够大的恒星在核聚变反应的燃料耗尽而“死亡”后,发生引力坍缩产生的。黑洞的质量极其巨大,而体积却十分微小,它产生的引力场极为强劲,以致于任何物质和辐射在进入到黑洞的一个事件视界(临界点)内,便再无力逃脱,就连传播速度最快的光(电磁波)也逃逸不出。
编辑本段名词解释
指时空曲率大到光都无法从其视界逃脱的天体。
编辑本段产生过程
黑洞就是中心的一个密度无限大、时空曲率无限高、热量无限高、体积无限小的奇点和周围一部分空空如也的天区,这个天区范围之内不可见。黑洞的产生过程类似于中子星的产生过程;某一个恒星在准备灭亡,核心在自身重力的作用下迅速地收缩,塌陷,发生强力爆炸。当核心中所有的物质都变成中子时收缩过程立即停止,被压缩成一个密实的星体,同时也压缩了内部的空间和时间。但在黑洞情况下,由于恒星核心的质量大到使收缩过程无休止地进行下去,中子本身在挤压引力自身的吸引下被碾为粉末,剩下来的是一个密度高到难以想象的物质。由于高质量而产生的力量,使得任何靠近它的物体都会被它吸进去。黑洞开始吞噬恒星的外壳,但黑洞并不能吞噬如此多的物质,黑洞会释放一部分物质,射出两道纯能量——γ射线。。
也可以简单理解:通常恒星的最初只含氢元素,恒星内部的氢原子时刻相互碰撞,发生聚变。
黑洞由于恒星质量很大,聚变产生的能量与恒星万有引力抗衡,以维持恒星结构的稳定。由于聚变,氢原子内部结构最终发生改变,破裂并组成新的元素——氦元素,接着,氦原子也参与聚变,改变结构,生成锂元素。如此类推,按照元素周期表的顺序,会依次有铍元素、硼元素、碳元素、氮元素等生成,直至铁元素生成,该恒星便会坍塌。这是由于铁元素相当稳定,参与聚变时不释放能量,而铁元素存在于恒星内部,导致恒星内部不具有足够的能量与质量巨大的恒星的万有引力抗衡,从而引发恒星坍塌,最终形成黑洞。说它“黑”,是指它就像宇宙中的无底洞,任何物质一旦掉进去,就再不能逃出。跟白矮星和中子星一样,黑洞可能也是由质量大于太阳质量好几倍以上的恒星演化而来的。
黑洞当一颗恒星衰老时,它的热核反应已经耗尽了中心的燃料(氢),由中心产生的能量已经不多了。这样,它再也没有足够的力量来承担起外壳巨大的重量。所以在外壳的重压之下,核心开始坍缩,物质将不可阻挡地向着中心点进军,直到最后形成体积接近无限小、密度几乎无限大的星体。而当它的半径一旦收缩到一定程度(一定小于史瓦西半径),质量导致的时空扭曲就使得即使光也无法向外射出——“黑洞”就诞生了。[3]
编辑本段表现形式
引力强大的黑洞。恒星的时空扭曲改变了光线的路径,使之和原先没有恒星情况下的路径不一样。光在恒星表面附近稍微向内偏折,在日食时观察远处恒星发出的光线,可以看到这种偏折现象。当该恒星向内坍塌时,其质量导致的时空扭曲变得很强,光线向内偏折得也更强,从而使得光线从恒星逃逸变得更为困难。对于在远处的观察者而言,光线变得更黯淡更红。最后,当这恒星收缩到某一临界半径(史瓦西半径)时,其质量导致时空扭曲变得如此之强,使得光向内偏折得也如此之强,以至于光线再也逃逸不出去 。这样,如果光都逃逸不出来,其他东西更不可能逃逸,都会被拉回去。也就是说,存在一个事件的集合或时空区域,光或任何东西都不可能从该区域逃逸而到达远处的观察者,这样的区域称作黑洞。将其边界称作事件视界,它和刚好不能从黑洞逃逸的光线的轨迹相重合。

与别的天体相比,黑洞十分特殊。人们无法直接观察到它,科学家也只能对它内部结构提出各种猜想。而使得黑洞把自己隐藏起来的的原因即是弯曲的时空。根据广义相对论,时空会在引力场作用下弯曲。这时候,光虽然仍然沿任意两点间的最短光程传播,但相对而言它已弯曲。在经过大密度的天体时,时空会弯曲,光也就偏离了原来的方向。
在地球上,由于引力场作用很小,时空的扭曲是微乎其微的。而在黑洞周围,时空的这种变形非常大。这样,即使是被黑洞挡着的恒星发出的光,虽然有一部分会落入黑洞中消失,可另一部分光线会通过弯曲的空间中绕过黑洞而到达地球。观察到黑洞背面的星空,就像黑洞不存在一样,这就是黑洞的隐身术。
更有趣的是,有些恒星不仅是朝着地球发出的光能直接到达地球,它朝其它方向发射的光也可能被附近的黑洞的强引力折射而能到达地球。这样我们不仅能看见这颗恒星的“脸”,还同时看到它的“侧面”、甚至“后背”,这是宇宙中的“引力透镜”效应。
这张红外波段图像拍摄的是我们所居住银河系的中心部位,所有银河系的恒星都围绕银心部位可能存在的一个超大质量黑洞公转。 据美国太空网报道,一项新的研究显示,宇宙中最大质量的黑洞开始快速成长的时期可能比科学家原先的估计更早,并且现在仍在加速成长。
一个来自以色列特拉维夫大学的天文学家小组发现,宇宙中最大质量黑洞的首次快速成长期出现在宇宙年龄约为12亿年时,而非之前认为的20~40亿年。天文学家们估计宇宙目前的年龄约为136亿年。
同时,这项研究还发现宇宙中最古老、质量最大的黑洞同样具有非常快速的成长。有关这一发现的详细情况将发表在最新一期的《天体物理学报》。
编辑本段大型黑洞
巨型黑洞
宇宙中大部分星系,包括我们居住的银河系的中心都隐藏着一个超大质量黑洞。这些黑洞质量大小不一,大约100万~100亿个太阳质量。天文学家们通过探测黑洞周围吸积盘发出的强烈辐射推断这些黑洞的存在。物质在受到强烈黑洞引力下落时,会在其周围形成吸积盘盘旋下降,在这一过程中势能迅速释放,将物质加热到极高的温度,从而发出强烈辐射。黑洞通过吸积方式吞噬周围物质,这可能就是它的成长方式。
这项最新的研究采用了全世界最先进的地基观测设施,包括位于美国夏威夷莫纳克亚山顶,海拔4000多米处的北双子座望远镜,位于智利帕拉那山的南双子座望远镜,以及位于美国新墨西哥州圣阿古斯丁平原上的甚大阵射电望远镜。
特大黑洞
新发现的黑洞,位置在距地球5000~1亿光年的处女座与白羊座中。专家指出,大部分黑洞质量,只比太阳多出数倍,但是新搜集到的数据显示,这3个黑洞的质量,约是太阳的5000~1亿倍。
黑洞的资料
名称 质量(太阳=1) 伴星质量(太阳=1)
MGR0J1655-40 5.5 1.2
大麦哲伦云X-3 6.5 20
J0422432 10 0.3
A0620-00 11 0.5
天鹅座V404 12 0.6
天鹅座X-1 16 30
大质量黑洞的成长
中子星-内部结构模型图[4]观测结果显示,出现在宇宙年龄仅为12亿年时的活跃黑洞,其质量要比稍后出现的大部分大质量黑洞质量小10倍。但是它们的成长速度非常快,因而现在它们的质量要比后者大得多。通过对这种成长速度的测算,研究人员可以估算出这些黑洞天体之前和之后的发展路径。
该研究小组发现,那些最古老的黑洞,即那些在宇宙年龄仅为数亿年时便开始进入全面成长期的黑洞,它们的质量仅为太阳的100到1000倍。研究人员认为这些黑洞的形成和演化可能和宇宙中最早的恒星有关。
天文学家们还注意到,在最初的12亿年后,这些被观测的黑洞天体的成长期仅仅持续了1亿到2亿年。
这项研究是一个已持续7年的研究计划的成果。特拉维夫大学主持的这项研究旨在追踪研究宇宙中最大质量黑洞的演化,并观察它们对宿主星系产生的影响。
已知最大的黑洞
目前,天文学家最新观测发现小型星系竟包含着一个超大质量黑洞,其质量是太阳的170亿倍。天文学家也没有线索证实这一奇怪现象。
天文学家发现一个超级质量黑洞,所在NGC 1277星系中心膨胀区域59%恒星质量都聚集在黑洞中,这项发现将进一步增添了星系与黑洞之间关系的神秘性。
位于英仙座星系群的小型星系NGC 1277距离地球2.5亿光年,这个处在其内部的黑洞质量竟然达到太阳质量的170亿倍。相比之下,银河系中心的超大质量黑洞就是小巫见大巫了,它仅是太阳质量的400万倍。
普通黑洞仅占星系膨胀区域的0.1%质量,在此之前观测到拥有最大比例质量黑洞的星系是NCG 4486B,它的黑洞质量占星系的11%。而当前发现NGC 1277星系的神秘巨型黑洞仍是一个谜团,德国马克思-普朗克天文研究所的天文学家雷姆科-范德-博世说:“我们并未想到宇宙中会存在如此巨大的黑洞,目前我们进一步揭开其中的秘密,并掌握类似的星系在宇宙中如何形成,以及存在的普遍性。”
NGC 1277星系可能并不是唯一的,目前天文学家正在研究多个类似情况的星系,它们可能蕴藏着不成比例的大型黑洞。
编辑本段首次发现
1970年,美国的“自由”号人造卫星发现了与其他射线源不同的天鹅座X-1,位于天鹅座X-1上的是一个比太阳重30多倍的巨大蓝色星球,该星球被一个重约10个太阳的看不见的物体牵引着。天文学家一致认为这个物体就是黑洞,它就是人类发现的第一个黑洞。

编辑本段演化过程吸积
黑洞通常是因为它们聚拢周围的气体产生辐射而被发现的,这一过程被称为吸积。高温气体辐射热能的效率会严重影响吸积流的几何与动力学特性。目前观测到了辐射效率较高的薄盘以及辐射效率较低的厚盘。当吸积气体接近中央黑洞时,它们产生的辐射对黑洞的自转以及视界的存在极为敏感。对吸积黑洞光度和光谱的分析为旋转黑洞和视界的存在提供了强有力的证据。数值模拟也显示吸积黑洞经常出现相对论喷流也部分是由黑洞的自转所驱动的。

黑洞拉伸,撕裂并吞噬恒星
通常天体物理学家会用“吸积”这个词来描述物质向中央引力体或者是中央延展物质系统的流动。吸积是天体物理中最普遍的过程之一,而且也正是因为吸积才形成了我们周围许多常见的结构。在宇宙早期,当气体朝由暗物质造成的引力势阱中心流动时形成了星系。即使到了今天,恒星依然是由气体云在其自身引力作用下坍缩碎裂,进而通过吸积周围气体而形成的。行星(包括地球)也是在新形成的恒星周围通过气体和岩石的聚集而形成的。当中央天体是一个黑洞时,吸积就会展现出它最为壮观的一面。黑洞除了吸积物质之外,还通过霍金蒸发过程向外辐射粒子。
蒸发
由于黑洞的密度极大,根据公式我们可以知道密度=质量/体积,为了让黑洞密度无限大,那就说明黑洞的体积要无限小,然后质量要无限大,这样才能成为黑洞。黑洞是由一些恒星“灭亡”后所形成的死星,它的质量极大,体积极小。但黑洞也有灭亡的那天,按照霍金的理论,在量子物理中,有一种名为“隧道效应”的现象,即一个粒子的场强分布虽然尽可能让能量低的地方较强,但即使在能量相当高的地方,场强仍会有分布,黑洞喷射物不断变亮[5]对于黑洞的边界来说,这就是一堵能量相当高的势垒,但是粒子仍有可能出去。

霍金还证明,每个黑洞都有一定的温度,而且温度的高低与黑洞的质量成反比例。也就是说,大黑洞温度低,蒸发也微弱;小黑洞的温度高蒸发也强烈,类似剧烈的爆发。一个太阳大的黑洞,大约要1后面66个0年才能蒸发殆尽;一颗小行星大小的黑洞会在10小数点后面21个0加1秒内蒸发得干干净净。[1][6]
毁灭
黑洞会发出耀眼的光芒,体积会缩小,甚至会爆炸。当英国物理学家史迪芬·霍金于1974年做此预言时,整个科学界为之震动。

霍金的理论是受灵感支配的思维的飞跃,他结合了广义相对论和量子理论,他发现黑洞周围的引力场释放出能量,同时消耗黑洞的能量和质量。
假设一对粒子会在任何时刻、任何地点被创生,被创生的粒子就是正粒子与反粒子,而如果这一创生过程发生在黑洞附近的话就会有两种情况发生:两粒子湮灭、一个粒子被吸入黑洞。“一个粒子被吸入黑洞”这一情况:在黑洞附近创生的一对粒子其中一个反粒子会被吸入黑洞,而正粒子会逃逸,由于能量不能凭空创生,我们设反粒子携带负能量,正粒子携带正能量,而反粒子的所有运动过程可以视为是一个正粒子的为之相反的运动过程,如一个反粒子被吸入黑洞可视为一个正粒子从黑洞逃逸。这一情况就是一个携带着从黑洞里来的正能量的粒子逃逸了,即黑洞的总能量少了,而爱因斯坦的公式E=mc^2表明,能量的损失会导致质量的损失。
当黑洞的质量越来越小时,它的温度会越来越高。这样,当黑洞损失质量时,它的温度和发射率增加,因而它的质量损失得更快。这种“霍金辐射”对大多数黑洞来说可以忽略不计,因为大黑洞辐射的比较慢,而小黑洞则以极高的速度辐射能量,直到黑洞的爆炸。


Ⅰ The problem of the different-dimensional universe

Some people think that the four-dimensional world is three dimensions plus time. According to this statement, we are living in a four-dimensional world. This theory about the X-dimensional world is incorrect. What is described is that space has nothing to do with time. It is just space theory. Space cannot be observed. Just like the original poster said, I asked that it is impossible to see the first and second dimensions. Assume that the first dimension is a point. How to describe this point? This point does not exist. Size It may be too small to be invisible or too big to be invisible, but we can understand and know its existence and the rationality of its existence. The objects we can observe all exist in three-dimensional form, but we cannot accurately understand the four-dimensional space. Of course there may or may not be a four-dimensional parallel world. The theory starts with the word "possible". For example: "Hitler's mother wanted to abort the fetus when she was pregnant with him, but later gave birth to him." This is what happened in our world. But what would the world be like if Hitler had not been born at all? Such a world exists in theory. This is the world parallel to ours. Assumptions like this have created countless parallel worlds. Their number cannot be expressed in numbers, and there are infinite "possibilities" for anything.

II Does the universe have a one-dimensional world or a two-dimensional world?

What we know is the three-dimensional world. The universe should be multi-dimensional and all-encompassing.

Three-dimensional space (also called three-dimensional space, three-dimensional, three-dimensional) means that in daily life it can refer to the space composed of three dimensions: length, width and height. Moreover, the term "three-dimensional space" used in daily life often refers to three-dimensional Euclidean space.

Concept explanation:

Since we live in a three-dimensional space, some people vividly describe our world as three dimensions. In the eyes of animation fans, the real world is three dimensions, and the animation world is It’s the second dimension.

The two-dimensional world is a two-dimensional world, including animation and comics. In recent years, I have begun to include the surrounding world inside. For example, the cute girls in COSPLAY, the voices of seiyuu, figures, etc., everything related to the two-dimensional world of animation is classified as a two-dimensional world.

The 2.5 dimension exists between the anime world and the real world. Like the peripheral world mentioned above, the product that exists between animation and reality, the circle in which it exists is called the 2.5 dimension. However, as the classification becomes increasingly clear, the term 2.5 is slowly disappearing. The third dimension refers to the real world.

Ⅲ Is there really a second dimension in the universe?

What is the one-dimensional universe and the second 22-dimensional universe?
The universe is divided into dimensional and dimensional equations, and it has We know that the energy elements produced in the first dimension of the universe are divided into light and color elements. Dimension space energy. We are already familiar with the color table of light produced by the action of sunlight. White, yellow, red, blue, cyan and purple are all light colors - 1 dimension 1 Sub-dimensional universe elements produce object-dimensional color spaceArrangement, we need light color space to transmit and propagate the dimensions of objects when painting and drawing, so we need light color space elements in our lives. The first dimension of the universe, we know the smallest unit of the universe, the first dimension, the first dimension of the universe, the color, light and density space. Producing energy,
We often come into contact with the energy music of 22-dimensional universe, space, space, space
The second 22-dimensional universe also has a new 22nd type of music element space-time, which is the 22-dimensional 22-dimensional universe space structure dimension that produces music Playing the power of the spatial dimension uses the musical metaverse to spread the spatial structure dimension. We already know that music is divided into 6 yang rhythms and 6 yin rhythms. Collectively known as the 12 lülu, it is an instrument for correcting musical rhythms made of bamboo tubes in ancient times. The length of the tube is used to determine the different heights of the sound. Starting from the bass tube, the six odd-numbered tubes are called lü, and the six even-numbered tubes are called lü. Later, lulu was used as a general term for temperament
Music rhythm is used to generate the dimensional direction X Y Z music axis. Using windows media player, we listen to a song with the title moonlight and feel the energy vibration of the second dimension of the elemental music universe, the second dimension of the 22nd dimension, and the 22nd dimension. Spatial structure arrangement. There is also the 333rd dimensional cosmic space energy (element fragrance space type energy dimension vibration 333rd dimensional universe) The 4444th dimensional cosmic space energy element is unknown. The unsolved mysteries cannot be calculated. The universe is boundless and the universe has been forever. In the zoom expansion, there is still the 55555th fifth dimension and the fifth power of the universe time and space. If the number of universes is calculated based on the cosmic millennium, the cosmic year is equal to the total calculation, 3600 60x60=3600X24=86400X365=31536000X88= 2775168000 trillion times the total year, the cosmic millennium, the universe's time and year
Small, naive and young world human beings At first, scientists struggled to explore the universe. They always thought that a universe only existed light, color, speed of light, and energy. This was just a misunderstanding, mistake, and backward point of view. They had not yet discovered that the multidimensional multidimensional equation universe has another second, 22nd, musical space, 22nd dimensional, and energy transmission of elements in the universe. Propagation of sound wave music, time and space, common year universe

Ⅳ One-dimensional universe, two-dimensional universe, three-dimensional universe and four-dimensional universe. What is the difference?

According to what you said, the four-dimensional universe can definitely be seen. You can see the complete three-dimensional world (because the three-dimensional world is a three-dimensional space), but the fourth-dimensional universe cannot see the fifth dimension. For example, ants are two-dimensional, and the projection of a person in the two-dimensional space in the three-dimensional space is as big as a footprint. Ants definitely cannot infer the appearance of a person from a projection the size of a footprint. Just like us, we can see all three-dimensional worlds in the four-dimensional space, but we cannot infer things in the five-dimensional universe. We live in the four-dimensional universe, but There are countless multiverses, including parallel universes and non-parallel universes. There are no absolutes, only possibilities

IV Two-dimensional space and cosmic black holes

If you have to give a meaning to the concept of two-dimensional space, then it refers to a plane. Correspondingly, the three-dimensional space we are in is the three-dimensional space. Usually the two-dimensional space mentioned in Japanese comics refers to the world in comics, because comics are drawn on paper (flat surface). Black holes are a ubiquitous celestial body in the universe. After a massive star exhausts its nuclear fuel, it collapses into a black hole under the influence of its own gravity.

VI Does the second dimension exist in the universe? If it exists, can future humans discover it?

No, the two-dimensional world is another world independent of the three-dimensional world. It is for animation The world where cute girls live

The two-dimensional world is a digital world. To put it simply, it is the world of zero and one. It is a little harder to understand. The so-called combination of zero and one is the distortion of space in different dimensions, including Three dimensions, four dimensions, five dimensions. ...and other multi-dimensional spaces, but it is obvious that the people who proposed this explanation are crazy. This is not the case, because there are people living there, and it is the same three-dimensional space and one-dimensional time as the three-dimensional world, and the two-dimensional world is just It is a name for things in the two-dimensional world that are understood from this world and presented in animation works. Therefore, the ontology of the events that occur in the stories in animation works is now called the two-dimensional world. However, this name is not appropriate. Because the two-dimensional world does not refer to the world with two coordinate axes, but so far, there is no better name to describe this world

Currently, human beings’ understanding of the two-dimensional world can only be understood through Not much is known about ACG and cute girls, such as Loli and Royal Sister, and the current beautiful girls born in the three-dimensional world do not have a deep understanding of the two-dimensional world, so at present, the overall understanding of the two-dimensional world The situation is still unclear; on the other hand, the three-dimensional world can be directly observed from the two-dimensional world, while the two-dimensional world can only be understood from the three-dimensional world through animation works and Moe Gate, and the information obtained is still limited. It may not be correct

Ⅶ Ask for advice, if parallel universes really exist, then does the two-dimensional world also exist?

1 Parallel universes may not exist
Parallel universes are just quantum mechanics System, based on Schrödinger's Cat Hypothesis, is just one of the more famous solutions among many. The parallel universe theory is famous because the theory is subversive and imaginative.
If we only look at the analysis of the many solutions to the Schrödinger's cat hypothesis, the parallel universe hypothesis is a relatively unreliable hypothesis, and has never been taken seriously by the physics community.
The core of the theory is that when we open the box of Schrödinger's cat, two different, almost identical universes will appear. The box opened in one universe contains live cats, and the box opened in the other universe contains dead cats. Cat-------It's too unreliable for a cat to create a universe. It must be a dog at least!
.

2 Does the two-dimensional universe exist? There are two explanations for this problem
A. If the second dimensionIt refers to the world of animated comics
This is completely different from the parallel universe theory.
The theory of parallel universes is, in any case, a matter of physics.
As for whether the two-dimensional universe exists, this is purely a metaphysical question. I lack research and dare not comment.
B. If the second dimension refers to the two-dimensional universe
My answer is that the two-dimensional universe has been imagined by many scientists, but so far, there is no evidence of the existence of the two-dimensional universe. After all, a two-dimensional universe lacks much of the physics underlying it.

ⅧIs the universe a two-dimensional space?

This is a theoretical thing
It has not been confirmed yet
It should be that the universe is composed of multi-dimensional space. What we are in is Three-dimensional space

IX Does the second dimension exist?

No. is fictional. In real life, those in the first and second dimensions will never exist. They are just our beautiful fantasies. However, to believe is to exist.

, my understanding is the two-dimensional world. One refers to virtual animation, the fantasy world constructed by animation. The other refers to the theory of parallel universes (two-dimensional worlds) proposed by some scientists. At present, it is impossible to prove the existence of parallel universes.

The origin of the two-dimensional concept

In the virtual two-dimensional world, it was a common concept at first. Since early animations, comics, and game works were They are composed of two-dimensional images, and the picture is a two-dimensional plane, so we call them "two-dimensional world, also called two-dimensional world".

So, the two-dimensional dimension we often talk about is actually a term used in the ACG subculture to refer to the fictional world in animations, comics, games and other works. The word two-dimensional is opposite to the three-dimensional, which refers to the world we exist in that can be positioned using three-dimensional coordinates, which is the real world in which we live.

The two-dimensional world refers to the world of animation, comics, and games. This is completely different from the theory of parallel universe (two-dimensional world, two-dimensional world). Parallel universes are still a physics problem anyway. If the second dimension refers to a two-dimensional universe, it has been imagined by many scientists. However, so far there is no evidence of the existence of a two-dimensional universe.

Ⅹ Two-dimensional space and black holes in the universe

Dimensions can be understood as the dimensions of the universe, and the tenth-dimensional space is the tenth-dimensional universe. In M-theory, space has eleven dimensions, but it is thought that six or seven or seven of these directions are curled up into very small dimensions, leaving only three large, almost flat directions. Hawking proposed his universe model, which gave an 11-dimensional space. He believed that to describe the universe, the four unknowns X, Y, Z and T (time) are not enough. Only after adding 11 unknowns can the universe be explained. Lots of structure. According to physicists, there should be 7 more dimensions. Although there are so many dimensions, these dimensions are invisible and rolled up into themselves and are calledCompressed dimensions. To understand this, let us imagine ants again. We can imagine rolling up the piece of paper on which the ants are walking until it forms a cylinder. If an ant walks along the paper wall, it will eventually return to the starting point. This is an example of compressed dimensions. The above phenomenon will also occur if you can walk along the famous Mobius. Of course, it is three-dimensional, but if you walk along it, you will always return to the starting point. The Mobius strip is compressed from a dimensional perspective. According to physics, it has three dimensions, but anyone walking on it can only recognize one dimension. It's a bit like the man in the picture on the left: going up or down, but never reaching the end. If the ant does not walk along the curved wall of the paper tube, it will never return to its original starting point. This is an example of two dimensions (or dimensions as we perceive them), along which it is impossible to return to the original starting point. PS One-dimensional space is a line, that is, length is the main one. The two-dimensional space is a surface, that is, if the lines overlap too much, they will have length and width, which forms a surface. The three-dimensional space is a three-dimensional space, that is, if the surfaces overlap too much, the length, width and height will be formed, which forms a three-dimensional shape. The four-dimensional space is time, that is, time can be divided into far and near, real and surreal, space and hyperspace, long and short, dynamic and static, and is integrated into all tangible and invisible spaces. The five-dimensional space is the conscious thinking of the brain, which runs at the speed of thought wave energy. The six-dimensional space is the subconscious thinking of the brain, which is exerted by the dark matter energy of thinking waves and the deep energy of the subconscious. It is an inexhaustible, inexhaustible and endless source of energy for the wisdom of the body and mind. The seven-dimensional space is the blending and divergence of space and time, that is, the theory of space and time
A black hole is a kind of ultra-high-quality celestial body that exists in the universe in the modern general theory of relativity. Because it is similar to a black body that does not reflect light at all in thermodynamics, Hence the name black hole. Black holes are produced by the gravitational collapse of a star that is massive enough to "die" after exhausting its fuel in a nuclear fusion reaction. The mass of a black hole is extremely huge, but its volume is very small. The gravitational field it generates is so strong that any matter and radiation that enters an event horizon (critical point) of the black hole can no longer escape, even if it propagates at the fastest speed. Even fast light (electromagnetic waves) cannot escape.
Edit the explanation of this term
Refers to a celestial body whose curvature of space-time is so great that even light cannot escape from its event horizon.
Edit the production process of this paragraph
A black hole is a singularity in the center with infinite density, infinitely high space-time curvature, infinitely high heat, infinitely small volume, and a partially empty sky area around it. The scope of this sky area is Invisible inside. The production process of a black hole is similar to the production process of a neutron star; when a certain star is preparing to perish, its core rapidly shrinks and collapses under the action of its own gravity, and a powerful explosion occurs. When all the matter in the core turns into neutrons, the contraction process stops immediately and is compressed into a dense star, which also compresses the space and time inside. But in the case of a black hole, givenBecause the mass of the star's core is so large that the shrinkage process continues endlessly, the neutrons themselves are crushed into powder by the attraction of the squeeze gravity itself, and what is left is a material with an unimaginable density. The force generated by its mass causes any object that comes close to it to be sucked into it. The black hole begins to swallow the outer shell of the star, but the black hole cannot swallow so much material. The black hole will release part of the material and emit two pure energy-gamma rays. .
It can also be understood simply: usually a star initially contains only hydrogen, and the hydrogen atoms inside the star collide with each other all the time, causing fusion.
Due to the large mass of the star, the energy generated by black hole fusion competes with the star's gravity to maintain the stability of the star's structure. Due to fusion, the internal structure of hydrogen atoms eventually changes, breaks and forms a new element - helium. Then, helium atoms also participate in fusion, changing the structure and producing lithium. By analogy, according to the order of the periodic table of elements, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, etc. will be generated in sequence. Until iron is generated, the star will collapse. This is because the iron element is quite stable and does not release energy when participating in fusion. The iron element exists inside the star, resulting in the star not having enough energy to compete with the gravitational pull of the massive star, causing the star to collapse and eventually forming a black hole. To say it is "black" means that it is like a bottomless pit in the universe. Once any matter falls into it, it can no longer escape. Like white dwarfs and neutron stars, black holes may have evolved from stars that are several times more massive than the sun.
Black hole When a star ages, its thermonuclear reactions have exhausted the fuel (hydrogen) in the center, and there is not much energy produced by the center. In this way, it no longer has enough strength to bear the huge weight of the shell. Therefore, under the heavy pressure of the outer shell, the core begins to collapse, and matter will march unstoppably toward the center until it finally forms a star with an almost infinitely small volume and an almost infinite density. And once its radius shrinks to a certain extent (must be smaller than the Schwarzschild radius), the distortion of space-time caused by the mass makes it impossible for even light to emit outward - a "black hole" is born. [3]
Edit the expression of this paragraph
A black hole with strong gravity. The star's distortion of spacetime changes the path of light from what it would have been without the star. Light is slightly deflected inward near the star's surface, and this deflection can be seen when observing light from distant stars during a solar eclipse. As the star collapses inward, the distortion of space-time caused by its mass becomes stronger and light is deflected more strongly inward, making it more difficult for light to escape from the star. To a distant observer, the light becomes dimmer and redder. Finally, when the star shrinks to a certain critical radius (the Schwarzschild radius), its mass causes the distortion of space-time to become so strong that the light is deflected inward so much that the light can no longer escape. . In this way, if light cannot escape, other things will be pulled back even less. That is, there is a set of eventsor a region of space-time from which light or anything else cannot escape to reach a distant observer, such a region is called a black hole. Its boundary is called the event horizon, and it coincides with the trajectory of light that just cannot escape from the black hole.

Compared with other celestial bodies, black holes are very special. People cannot observe it directly, and scientists can only make various guesses about its internal structure. The reason why black holes hide themselves is the curved space-time. According to general relativity, space-time bends under the influence of a gravitational field. At this time, although the light is still traveling along the shortest optical path between any two points, it has been bent relatively speaking. When passing through a dense celestial body, space-time will bend, and the light will deviate from its original direction.
On the Earth, due to the small effect of the gravitational field, the distortion of space-time is minimal. Around a black hole, this deformation of space-time is very large. In this way, even if a part of the light emitted by a star blocked by a black hole will fall into the black hole and disappear, the other part of the light will bypass the black hole in the curved space and reach the earth. Observing the starry sky behind a black hole, it is as if the black hole does not exist. This is the invisibility of the black hole.
What’s more interesting is that not only the light emitted by some stars towards the earth can reach the earth directly, but the light emitted in other directions may also be refracted by the strong gravity of nearby black holes and reach the earth. In this way, we can not only see the "face" of the star, but also its "side" and even "back". This is the "gravitational lens" effect in the universe.
This infrared band image captures the center of the Milky Way where we live. All the stars in the Milky Way orbit a supermassive black hole that may exist at the center of the Milky Way. A new study shows that the most massive black holes in the universe may have begun growing rapidly earlier than scientists originally estimated, and are still accelerating, according to Space.com.
A team of astronomers from Tel Aviv University in Israel discovered that the first rapid growth period of the most massive black hole in the universe occurred when the universe was about 1.2 billion years old, not 2 to 4 billion years as previously thought. Astronomers estimate that the current age of the universe is approximately 13.6 billion years.
At the same time, this study also found that the oldest and most massive black holes in the universe also grow very rapidly. Details of this discovery will be published in the latest issue of The Astrophysical Journal.
Edit this paragraph Large Black Holes
Giant Black Holes
There is a supermassive black hole hidden in the center of most galaxies in the universe, including the Milky Way we live in. The masses of these black holes vary in size, ranging from about 1 million to 10 billion solar masses. Astronomers infer the existence of these black holes by detecting the intense radiation emitted by the accretion disk around them. When matter falls under the strong gravitational pull of a black hole, it will form an accretion disk spiraling down around it. During this process, potential energy is rapidly released, heating the matter to extremely high temperatures, thereby emitting strong radiation. Black holes consume surrounding matter through accretion, whichMaybe that's just the way it was grown.
This latest research uses the world's most advanced ground-based observation facilities, including the Gemini North Telescope located on the top of Mauna Kea in Hawaii, more than 4,000 meters above sea level, and the Gemini South Telescope located in Paraná Mountain, Chile. and the Very Large Array radio telescope in San Agustin Plain, New Mexico, USA.
Extra-large black holes
The newly discovered black holes are located in the constellations of Virgo and Aries, 5000 to 100 million light years away from the earth. Experts point out that most black holes are only a few times more massive than the sun, but newly collected data shows that the masses of these three black holes are about 5,000 to 100 million times that of the sun.
Black hole information
Name mass (Sun=1) Companion mass (Sun=1)
MGR0J1655-40 5.5 1.2
Large Magellanic Cloud X-3 6.5 20
J0422432 10 0.3
A0620-00 11 0.5
V404 Cygnus 12 0.6
Cygnus X-1 16 30
Growth of massive black holes
Neutron star-internal structure model The observation results in Figure [4] show that the mass of active black holes that appeared when the universe was only 1.2 billion years old was 10 times smaller than that of most massive black holes that appeared later. But they grew so quickly that they are now much more massive. By measuring this growth rate, researchers can estimate the development paths of these black hole objects before and after.
The research team found that the oldest black holes, those that began their full growth phase when the universe was only a few hundred million years old, are only 100 to 1,000 times more massive than the Sun. Researchers believe that the formation and evolution of these black holes may be related to the earliest stars in the universe.
Astronomers also noticed that after the first 1.2 billion years, the growth period of these observed black hole objects only lasted 100 million to 200 million years.
This study is the result of a research program that has lasted seven years. The research, led by Tel Aviv University, aims to track the evolution of the most massive black holes in the universe and observe their impact on their host galaxies.
The largest known black hole
Currently, astronomers’ latest observations have discovered that a small galaxy actually contains a supermassive black hole with a mass 17 billion times that of the sun. Astronomers have no clues to confirm this strange phenomenon.
Astronomers have discovered a supermassive black hole. 59% of the stellar mass in the central expansion area of ​​the NGC 1277 galaxy is concentrated in the black hole. This discovery will further add to the mystery of the relationship between galaxies and black holes.
NGC 1, a small galaxy located in the Perseus Galaxy Group277 is 250 million light years away from the earth. The mass of the black hole inside it is 17 billion times the mass of the sun. The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way pales in comparison, weighing only 4 million times the mass of the Sun.
Ordinary black holes only account for 0.1% of the mass of the galaxy’s expansion region. Previously, the galaxy with the largest proportion of black holes observed was NCG 4486B, whose black hole mass was 11% of that of the galaxy. The current discovery of the mysterious giant black hole in the NGC 1277 galaxy is still a mystery. Remko van der Bosch, an astronomer at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Germany, said: "We did not expect such a huge black hole to exist in the universe. , now we are further uncovering its secrets and understanding how similar galaxies are formed in the universe and how common their existence is."
NGC 1277 galaxy may not be the only one, astronomers are currently studying multiple similar situations galaxies, which may harbor disproportionately large black holes.
Edit this paragraph for the first time
In 1970, the American "Liberty" satellite discovered Cygnus X-1, which was different from other ray sources. A giant blue planet weighing more than 30 times, the planet is pulled by an invisible object weighing about 10 suns. Astronomers agree that this object is a black hole, and it is the first black hole discovered by humans.

Edit this paragraph evolution process accretion
Black holes are usually discovered because they gather the surrounding gas to produce radiation, a process called accretion. The efficiency of high-temperature gas radiating thermal energy will seriously affect the geometric and dynamic characteristics of the accretion flow. Thin disks with higher radiative efficiency and thick disks with lower radiative efficiency have been observed. As accreting gas approaches the central black hole, the radiation they produce is extremely sensitive to the black hole's rotation and the existence of an event horizon. Analysis of the photometry and spectra of accreting black holes provides strong evidence for the existence of rotating black holes and event horizons. Numerical simulations also show that the relativistic jets that often occur in accreting black holes are partly driven by the black hole's rotation.

Black holes stretch, tear apart and swallow stars
Astrophysicists often use the word "accretion" to describe the flow of matter toward a central gravitational body or central extended matter system. Accretion is one of the most common processes in astrophysics, and it is responsible for many of the common structures around us. In the early universe, galaxies formed when gas flowed toward the center of a gravitational potential well created by dark matter. Even today, stars are formed by the collapse and fragmentation of gas clouds under their own gravity, and then by accreting surrounding gas. Planets (including Earth) also form around newly formed stars through the accumulation of gas and rock. When the central object is a black hole, accretion is at its most spectacular. In addition to accreting matter, black holes also radiate particles outward through the Hawking evaporation process.
Evaporation
ByBecause the density of a black hole is extremely high, according to the formula we can know that density = mass/volume. In order to make the black hole density infinite, it means that the volume of the black hole must be infinitely small, and then the mass must be infinite, so that it can become a black hole. A black hole is a dead star formed after the "death" of some stars. It has an extremely massive mass and a very small volume. But black holes will also die. According to Hawking's theory, in quantum physics, there is a phenomenon called the "tunnel effect", that is, although the field strength distribution of a particle is as strong as possible in places with low energy, even if the energy is At quite high places, the field strength will still be distributed, and the black hole ejecta will continue to become brighter [5] For the boundary of the black hole, this is a potential barrier with quite high energy, but particles can still get out.

Hawking also proved that each black hole has a certain temperature, and the temperature is inversely proportional to the mass of the black hole. In other words, the temperature of a large black hole is low and the evaporation is weak; the temperature of a small black hole is high and the evaporation is strong, similar to a violent explosion. A black hole the size of the sun will evaporate in about 66 zero years after 1; a black hole the size of an asteroid will evaporate completely in 21 zeros after 10 decimal points plus 1 second. [1][6]
Destruction
Black holes will emit dazzling light, shrink in size, and even explode. When British physicist Stephen Hawking made this prediction in 1974, the entire scientific community was shocked.

Hawking's theory was a leap of inspired thinking. He combined general relativity and quantum theory. He discovered that the gravitational field around a black hole releases energy, consuming the black hole's energy and mass at the same time.
Assume that a pair of particles will be created at any time and anywhere. The created particles are positive particles and antiparticles. If this creation process occurs near a black hole, two situations will occur. : Two particles are annihilated and one particle is sucked into the black hole. The situation of "a particle being sucked into a black hole": one of the antiparticles of a pair of particles created near the black hole will be sucked into the black hole, while the positive particle will escape. Since energy cannot be created out of thin air, we assume that the antiparticle carries negative energy. Positive particles carry positive energy, and all motion processes of anti-particles can be regarded as the opposite motion process of a positive particle. For example, an anti-particle being sucked into a black hole can be regarded as a positive particle escaping from the black hole. This situation is when a particle carrying positive energy from the black hole escapes, that is, the total energy of the black hole is less. Einstein's formula E=mc^2 shows that the loss of energy will lead to the loss of mass.
As the mass of a black hole gets smaller and smaller, its temperature will get higher and higher. Thus, as a black hole loses mass, its temperature and emissivity increase, so it loses mass faster. This "Hawking radiation" is negligible for most black holes, because large black holes radiate relatively slowly, while small black holes radiate energy at extremely high speeds until the black hole explodes.

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